There are 39 primary categories of work [forbidden on the Sabbath]. The Mishnah (Shabbat 7:2) enumerates thirty nine principal forms of such creative labour, which give rise to multiple derivative forms of labour. 86; Halachos of Muktza, pg. [1] There is a good basis for this—Mishnah Shabbat 7:2 says exactly that: Mishnah Shabbat 7:2 lists these thirty-nine principle labors, which include activities relating to agriculture and food preparation, clothing manufacturing, preparation of parchment and writing, building, kindling a fire, and carrying. The Mishnah. (Mishnah Shabbat, 7:2) As a result, all of these tasks are prohibited on Shabbat. of the Talmud, pp. According to the Mishnah (Shabbat 7:2), the thirty-ninth major category of work prohibited on Shabbat is "removing an object from one domain to another." As with the other basic categories of work, this prohibition is traditionally viewed as Scriptural rather than rabbinic in nature. The Fortieth Melacha Shabbat (7:2) | Ben-Zion Hain | 15 years ago. Another type of labor on Shabbat is smoothing. Halakhic treatments of the laws of Shabbat take for granted that the forbidden labors can be divided into 39 primary types. (Mishnah Shabbat, 7:2) All of these tasks are prohibited, as well as any task that operates by the same principle or has the same purpose. Mishnah/Seder Moed/Tractate Shabbat/Chapter 7, translated by Wikisource. Mishnah – Shabbat 7:2; Mishnah – Shabbat 7:2; Mishnah Berurah 336:26; Rambam (Shabbat 8:1) Mishnah – Shabbat 7:2; Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchato 26:10; Mishnah – Shabbat 7:2; Rabbi Moshe Feinstein, as quoted by Rabbi Y. P. Bodner in The Halachos of Muktza [Feldheim], pg. 348, 349). Additionally prohibited is any task that operates by the same principle or has the same purpose (for example, driving a car uses an internal combusion engine, which creates fire). (It is part of the parchment-making process forbidden on Shabbat, in which rough parchment is smoothed down – see Mishna Shabbat 7:2.) Concerning Sabbath observance, the Mishnah lists 39 primary kinds of labor that were not allowed on the Sabbath day (Shabbath 7. Thus, we may not rub solid soap on our bodies, further smoothing down the soap. Aside from being employed in reference to the Sabbath in Mishnah Shabbat 7:2, "forty minus one" is also utilized as the count for the lashes inflicted as punishment upon certain criminals for certain crimes in Mishnah Makkot 3:1-10. The 39 Labors and Mishnah Shabbat. There are several other potential issues with bathing on Shabbat. 2, Soncino ed.
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